The Central Nervous System consists of the Brain, The Spinal Cord and the Eyes

 

 

The Brain is a master of all functions:

The cortex in the brain includes the Motor strip and the Sensory strip where the tracks start and controls our sensations and movements throughout our body.

The frontal lobe heavily controls your behaviors and your thinking ability (=cognitive function).

The temporal and parietal on the left side of the brain controls your language (=speech) and your ability to comprehend language (=understanding).

The temporal and parietal lobes on your right side mainly control your ability to grasp spatial relationships.

The Occipital lobe on both sides of the brain controls your ability to visualize things and understands what you see. The visual tracts start at your eyes and end at the occipital lobes responsible for your visual fields and your overall vision.

The Brain stem is home to major nerves.

10 nerves originate at the brain stem.  

The brain stem is an important box consists of 3 structures – The Midbrain, The Pons and the The Medulla.

This box connects between the brain and the spinal cord.

All the tracts carrying sensory or motor signals go through the brain stem. The sensory fibers pick up sensations through your body and then the signals go up through your spinal cord into your brain giving the interpretation of your feelings.

The motor signals go from the brain down to your body with an order to move.

Twelve nerves – Called Cranial Nerves –

Nerve no. 1 – The olfactory (=smell) nerve originates in the nose.

Nerve no. 2 – The optic nerve that is responsible for your vision originates in your eyes.

The 10 other Cranial Nerves that originate in the brain stem are:

Nerves numbers 3, 4, 6 control your eye movements. Nerve no. 3 has more functions to include constriction of the pupil and movements of the eye lid and most of the eye movements.

Nerve no. 5 – The Trigeminal Nerve controls your sensations of your face.

Nerve no. 7 – The Facial Nerve controls the movements of your face.

Nerve no. 8 – The Acoustic Nerve controls your hearing and your equilibrium.

Nerve no. 9 – The Glossopharyngeal Nerve controls movement of your pharynx and taste.

Nerve no. 10 – The Vagus Nerve controls movements of your larynx (voice muscles) and pharynx. This nerve also control sensations and motility in your abdomen.

Nerve no. 11 – The Accessory Nerve controls movements of your shoulders and neck.

Nerve no. 12 – The Hypoglossal Nerve  Nerve controls movements of your tongue.

The cerebellum – controls your balance and coordination of your movements.

The spinal cord is a tunnel that all the tracks that start in your brain go through the cord to your body. The spinal cord serves as a canal that all your nerves go through it to your body.